Materia Medica

Dong Quai (Angelica sinensis) — Chinese Angelica, Female Ginseng
A whole-plant guide to Dong Quai (Angelica sinensis), covering root identity, Chinese herbal context, women's-health claims, research limits, bleeding, pregnancy and hormone-sensitive cautions, and cultural history. Read more...
Elderflower (Sambucus nigra) — Elder Blossom, Elder Flower
A detailed Sambucus nigra elderflower Materia Medica with botanical identification, European traditional-use monograph amounts, five household recipes, cultivation, harvesting and drying, modern phytochemical research, safety, and Hyldemor, midsummer and household folklore. Read more...
Elecampane (Inula helenium) — Horseheal, Elf Dock, Scabwort
A guide to Inula helenium covering elecampane root identification, traditional respiratory and digestive use, preparation, research limits, allergy and safety. Read more...
Eyebright (Euphrasia spp.) — Euphrasy, Casse-Lunette
A careful guide to Euphrasia spp. covering eyebright identification, traditional use, limited evidence, taxonomy uncertainty and a strong warning against homemade eye drops. Read more...
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) — Sweet Fennel, Finocchio
A whole-plant guide to Foeniculum vulgare covering fennel seed, culinary use, traditional digestive use, research, Apiaceae allergy and safety. Read more...
Fenugreek plant (Trigonella foenum-graecum)
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) — Greek Hay, Methi
A whole-plant guide to fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), including the living plant, leaves, sprouts and seeds, cut-and-sifted and powdered forms, food use, traditional herbal use, current research and safety. Read more...
Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) — Featherfew, Bachelor's Buttons
A guide to Tanacetum parthenium covering feverfew's traditional history, migraine-prevention research, preparation differences, allergy and pregnancy cautions. Read more...
Flax (Linum usitatissimum) — Linseed, Common Flax
A whole-plant flax guide covering Linum usitatissimum, flaxseed nutrition, fiber, food use, research, medication timing and safety. Read more...
Fo-Ti (Reynoutria multiflora) — He Shou Wu, Chinese Knotweed
A careful Fo-Ti guide covering Reynoutria multiflora, raw versus prepared He Shou Wu, traditional tonic use, limited evidence and major liver-injury risk. Read more...
Frankincense (Boswellia sacra) — Olibanum, Sacred Frankincense
A guide to Boswellia sacra frankincense resin covering harvest, incense tradition, research-species distinctions, smoke and supplement safety, and folklore. Read more...
Garlic (Allium sativum) — Common Garlic, Stinking Rose
A whole-plant garlic guide covering Allium sativum, sulfur chemistry, culinary use, cardiovascular research, bleeding cautions and folklore. Read more...
Gentian (Gentiana lutea) — Yellow Gentian, Bitter Root
A guide to Gentiana lutea covering gentian root, traditional digestive bitters, preparation, limited evidence, ulcer and reflux cautions, and folklore. Read more...